Showing posts with label Near Death Experiences (NDE). Show all posts
Showing posts with label Near Death Experiences (NDE). Show all posts

Thursday, July 9, 2026

Answering Skeptics: Modern Miracles

Ten Modern Miracle Cases Worth Investigating | The Christian Case
The Christian Case Apologetics & Evidence Notes

Ten Modern Miracle Cases Worth Investigating

Documented healings, resuscitations, and unexplained deliverances — graded by evidence quality, not by enthusiasm.

The skeptical claim that "nobody documents miracles today" is empirically false. The Southern Medical Journal has published field data on it. The Lourdes International Medical Committee has been producing case files on it since 1883. A Yale-trained psychiatrist has staked his professional credibility on it. The evidence exists. The problem is most people haven't read it.

This post showcases ten specific cases — cases drawn from medical literature, peer-reviewed publications, and academically credentialed researchers — and examine what each one actually establishes. Each have been graded honestly by the quality of its documentation, because sloppy apologetics that overstates the evidence does more damage to the Christian witness than any skeptical objection.

A note on sourcing: a substantial number of these cases appear in the work of Craig Keener, whose two-volume Miracles: The Credibility of the New Testament Accounts (Baker Academic, 2011) remains the most comprehensively documented academic treatment of this question in print. Where cases have independent institutional documentation, this is noted accordingly. Where the evidence is thinner than some would like, this article acknowledges that fact.

Confidence key → Institutionally Verified Documented, Ongoing Review Single / Limited Source

Case 01

Sister Marie Simon-Pierre — Parkinson's Disease

Diagnosis: Idiopathic Parkinson's Disease · France, 2001–2006

In 2001, French nun Sister Marie Simon-Pierre was diagnosed with Parkinson's disease. After Pope John Paul II died in April 2005, her religious community began praying specifically for his intercession in her healing. By June 2005 she reported a sudden recovery of normal motor function and, critically, was able to discontinue her Parkinson's medication without relapse. Neurological examinations confirmed the absence of previously documented disease markers.[1]

What makes this case unusually strong is the procedural trail behind it. The Vatican's medical commission — distinct from the theological body — examined the case before John Paul II's beatification in 2011. The Positio documenting the case runs into hundreds of pages. Several physicians were involved at the diagnostic and recovery stages. There was long-term follow-up. This is not a story: it is a dossier, assembled under institutional scrutiny by people with a professional interest in finding a natural explanation.

Institutionally Verified · Vatican Medical Commission
Case 02

Delizia Cirolli — Ewing's Sarcoma

Diagnosis: Ewing's Sarcoma (Bone Cancer) · Italy, 1970s

Italian teenager Delizia Cirolli was diagnosed with Ewing's sarcoma, an aggressive and often fatal bone cancer. Surgical intervention was considered, but physicians indicated limited prospects for long-term survival. After a pilgrimage to Lourdes, physicians documented an unexpected and complete disappearance of the tumour — confirmed by subsequent imaging and clinical examination.[2]

Her case passed through the Lourdes Medical Bureau's review process, which included cross-examination by specialists who were not party to her care and who had no stake in affirming a miraculous explanation. The Bureau's criteria — confirmed pre-existing diagnosis, complete recovery, lasting recovery, absence of adequate medical explanation — were each satisfied before the case was advanced for further investigation. It is worth repeating that the Bureau formally recognises fewer than 1% of the cases it reviews, which means Delizia's case was not rubber-stamped: it was examined, debated, and then recognised.

Institutionally Verified · Lourdes Medical Bureau
Case 03

Barbara Snyder — Multiple Sclerosis

Diagnosis: Progressive Multiple Sclerosis · United States

Barbara Snyder had been diagnosed with progressive multiple sclerosis and, by the time of her reported healing, was largely bedridden and dependent on others for basic care. During a Christian prayer meeting she reported an immediate, complete restoration of function. Her neurologists subsequently confirmed that active disease was no longer detectable, and they acknowledged the recovery as medically extraordinary — though they stopped short of attributing it publicly to supernatural cause.[3]

The strength of this case lies in physician acknowledgement of the extraordinary character of the recovery, and in the fact that it is documented by Keener with supporting medical testimony rather than based solely on the patient's account. The limitation is that it did not pass through an independent institutional review body the way the Lourdes or Vatican cases did. Readers should weigh it accordingly.

Documented · Physician Testimony
Case 04

The Lourdes Healings — Cumulative Record

Since 1858 · Approximately 7,000 claims reviewed

Lourdes is treated as a single entry here, not because the individual cases aren't distinctive, but because the cumulative institutional record is itself the argument. Since 1858, roughly 7,000 healing claims have been submitted to the Lourdes Medical Bureau for evaluation. Of those, only 72 have ever been formally recognised as miraculous — a recognition rate well below 1%.[4]

That rejection rate is actually one of the most important data points in this debate. If the Bureau were a credulous body in the business of confirming miracles, the recognised count would be in the thousands. The fact that it is 72 tells you the review is genuinely adversarial. To be recognised, a cure must meet four criteria without exception: the original diagnosis must be confirmed by medical records; the recovery must be complete; it must be lasting; and it must be inexplicable by any known medical process. The 2025 recognition of an Italian woman's recovery from primary lateral sclerosis — a condition with no established course of spontaneous remission — came after sixteen years of investigation. That is not folklore. That is institutional rigour applied to an inconvenient claim.

Institutionally Verified · Lourdes CMIL
Case 05

Ophthalmological Restorations — Vision Healings

Multiple Cases · Various Locations

Keener's two volumes document a recurring category of cases involving sudden restoration of vision in individuals with documented prior blindness or severe visual impairment. The more compelling instances in this category are not self-reported: they are supported by ophthalmologist reports, pre-treatment diagnoses, and in some cases independent witnesses who were present at the moment of recovery.[5]

Not every case in this category is equally compelling. Some are better documented than others. But several remain medically unexplained even after specialist review. The honest summary is that this is a category with a range of evidentiary strength — some cases strong, some thin — and the strongest deserve more attention than they typically receive in popular debates about miracles.

Documented · Varies by Case
Case 06

Mozambique Hearing Restorations — STEPP Field Study

Diagnosis: Profound Deafness · Mozambique, 2010

This case deserves its own entry separate from the broader Keener category because it has something the others in this list rarely have: independent clinical measurement. In 2010, religious studies scholar Candy Gunther Brown published the STEPP study in the Southern Medical Journal, a peer-reviewed medical publication. Using a calibrated audiometer and standardised vision charts, her team tested 24 consecutive Mozambican subjects with documented hearing or vision impairment — before and after they received prayer. Statistically significant improvements were recorded in both auditory function (p<0.003) and visual function (p<0.02).[6]

Brown herself is not an apologist and was careful to acknowledge the study's limitations — small sample size, no randomised control group, field conditions rather than laboratory conditions. She did not claim to have proven the supernatural. What she did demonstrate is that the skeptic's empirical claim — "nobody measures anything like this" — is simply not true.

Peer-Reviewed · Southern Medical Journal
Case 07

Medically Verified Healings at Pentecostal Conferences

Multiple Cases · Tumours, Paralysis, Mobility Restoration

Keener documents cases from Pentecostal and charismatic healing contexts — tumours disappearing between diagnosis and surgery, restoration of mobility following paralysis, and similar recoveries — where medical records from before and after the event are available for scrutiny. Critically, Keener explicitly excluded poorly documented claims from his two volumes and dealt only with cases where the medical paper trail was strong enough to withstand academic review.[7]

The category is harder to evaluate than the Lourdes or Vatican cases because it lacks an independent institutional review body. What it does have is Keener's own scholarly methodology — he is a trained historian who spent years assembling and cross-checking this material — and the underlying medical records he references. It is worth noting that Keener wrote these volumes for a sceptical Western academic audience, not to reassure people who already believe.

Documented · Medical Records Referenced
Case 08

Richard Gallagher's Clinical Cases — Demonic Affliction

25 Years of Clinical Psychiatric Consultation · United States

Richard Gallagher is a board-certified psychiatrist and professor at New York Medical College, trained at Yale and Columbia. For twenty-five years he served as a clinical consultant to Catholic exorcists — brought in not to confirm possession but to rule out psychiatric illness before any ritual was performed. He evaluated hundreds of cases. He concluded that the overwhelming majority were psychiatric in nature. A very small number, he argued, were not.[8]

In those outlier cases, he documents phenomena he was unable to attribute to any psychiatric diagnosis: accurate disclosure of information the subject had no access to, reported speech in languages the subject had never encountered, physical strength disproportionate to body weight exhausting multiple restrainers, and pronounced aversion to sacred objects. Gallagher is careful to say he is not asking anyone to accept Catholic theology. His claim is narrower: these are phenomena that fall outside current psychiatric understanding. Critics dispute his interpretations, and reasonable people can disagree about how much weight to give them. What is not reasonable is dismissing the testimony of a tenured psychiatrist as though he were a credulous village elder.

Clinical Testimony · Board-Certified Psychiatrist
Case 09

Near-Death Experiences with Veridical Perception

Cardiological & Resuscitation Research · Multiple Studies

Near-death experiences are not miracles in the strict biblical sense — they are not claimed healings or restorations of function. What they are, in certain documented instances, is something more philosophically significant: evidence that consciousness appears to continue operating in conditions where neuroscience says it cannot.[9]

Cardiologist Michael Sabom documented patients who accurately reported the details of medical procedures performed on them while they were clinically unconscious — details they could not have known from prior medical exposure. Physician Sam Parnia has led prospective studies investigating reports of conscious awareness during cardiac arrest, including his AWARE studies conducted across multiple hospital sites. Neither Sabom nor Parnia is making a theological claim. What they are doing is producing empirical evidence that challenges the confident materialist assumption that the brain is simply a generator of consciousness that goes dark at death. For the Christian apologist, that is not a proof of the gospel — but it is a crack in the materialist framework that makes miracles philosophically inconceivable in the first place.

Empirically Interesting · Not a Miracle Claim
Case 10

Dr. Chauncey Crandall — Cardiac Resuscitation

Diagnosis: Death by Cardiac Arrest · Florida, 2006

Dr. Chauncey Crandall is a Yale-trained cardiologist in active clinical practice in Palm Beach, Florida. In his book Raising the Dead, he describes in detail a 2006 case in which a 53-year-old patient, Jeff Markin, suffered cardiac arrest, received seven defibrillator shocks without response, was declared dead, and had cyanosis visibly setting into the extremities and face. As the body was being prepared for transport to the morgue, Crandall returned to the room, prayed over the body, and asked a colleague to apply the defibrillator once more. The machine registered a normal heartbeat. Markin began breathing independently, recovered consciousness, and ultimately made a full recovery.[10]

The limitation here is that this is one physician's first-person account, not a multi-doctor adjudicated case file of the Lourdes variety. It is supported by a named patient and a documented clinical timeline, which puts it considerably above rumour. But it has not been independently reviewed by a specialist board, and readers should calibrate their confidence accordingly. What it is, at minimum, is the kind of account a sceptic cannot simply wave away by saying "nobody credible reports this kind of thing." Crandall has reported it, under his own name, to medical audiences, and has not been professionally discredited for doing so.

Single-Source · Named Physician Testimony
"The biblical worldview never promised miracles would be common, predictable, or laboratory-repeatable. It promised they would be real — and the evidence suggests they are."

What to Do With All of This

Ten cases is not a comprehensive survey — Keener's two volumes alone run to more than eleven hundred pages of documentation, and the Lourdes Medical Bureau has produced case files on thousands of claims. But ten specific cases, examined honestly and graded by evidence quality, is enough to put a significant burden of proof back on the person making the "no modern miracles" assertion. They need to explain Sister Simon-Pierre's neurological examinations. They need to address the Lourdes Bureau's 16-year investigation into primary lateral sclerosis. They need to account for statistically significant results in a peer-reviewed journal. They need to respond to a board-certified psychiatrist's 25-year clinical record.

Some of these cases are stronger than others. A single physician's first-hand account is not the same class of evidence as an institutionally verified case file, and conflating the two is a mistake that damages credibility. But even the weaker entries in this list — the single-source physician testimony, the clinical psychiatric notes — are still more than nothing. And the stronger entries, particularly the Vatican-verified and Lourdes-reviewed cases, are precisely the kind of evidence the sceptical framework says shouldn't exist.

To conclude, the biblical worldview never promised miracles would be common, predictable, or laboratory-repeatable. It promised they would occur, attested by reliable witnesses, in a world that otherwise operates on ordinary providence. Reading through these ten cases, that is exactly the pattern to be observed.

Endnotes
  1. Sister Marie Simon-Pierre's case is formally documented in the Positio submitted to the Congregation for the Causes of Saints in connection with the beatification of John Paul II (2011). See also Craig S. Keener, Miracles Today: The Supernatural Work of God in the Modern World (Grand Rapids: Baker Academic, 2021), pp. 105–110 for analysis of the medical documentation.
  2. Delizia Cirolli's case is listed in the publications of the Lourdes Medical Bureau (Bureau des Constatations Médicales de Lourdes). See also Keener, Miracles: The Credibility of the New Testament Accounts, vol. 2 (Grand Rapids: Baker Academic, 2011), for discussion of the case in the context of documented spontaneous tumour resolution.
  3. Barbara Snyder's case is documented in Keener, Miracles, vol. 2. Keener includes reference to physician testimony acknowledging the extraordinary character of her recovery. He gathered this material with specific intent to present it to a sceptical academic audience rather than to a sympathetic popular readership.
  4. Official statistics and case criteria are maintained by the Lourdes International Medical Committee (Comité Médical International de Lourdes, CMIL) and the Bureau des Constatations Médicales at lourdes-france.org. The 72nd formally recognised miraculous healing was announced in 2025, concerning an Italian woman's recovery from primary lateral sclerosis following sixteen years of investigation. See also FSSPX News, "Lourdes: A 72nd Miracle Recognized" (July 2025).
  5. For ophthalmological case documentation see Keener, Miracles, vol. 2, chapters addressing visual restoration. Keener notes that the most compelling cases in this category are supported by pre-treatment ophthalmologist diagnoses and independent witness corroboration, rather than patient self-report alone.
  6. Candy Gunther Brown, Stephen C. Mory, Rebecca Williams, and Michael J. McClymond, "Study of the Therapeutic Effects of Proximal Intercessory Prayer (STEPP) on Auditory and Visual Impairments in Rural Mozambique," Southern Medical Journal 103, no. 9 (September 2010): 864–869. PMID: 20686441. Brown conducted the research in her capacity as professor at Indiana University Bloomington and made explicit her methodological limitations, including the absence of a randomised control group.
  7. Keener, Miracles, vol. 2. Keener's methodology involved deliberate exclusion of poorly attested claims; he dealt only with cases where medical records or direct physician testimony was available. His academic appointment at Asbury Theological Seminary and his prior work in New Testament studies means his credibility as a historian is staked on this material meeting evidentiary standards.
  8. Richard Gallagher, Demonic Foes: My Twenty-Five Years as a Psychiatrist Investigating Possessions, Diabolic Attacks, and the Paranormal (New York: HarperOne, 2020). Gallagher is Clinical Professor of Psychiatry at New York Medical College and a faculty member of Columbia University's Psychoanalytic Institute. He has discussed his findings in peer contexts including the Washington Post and the New Oxford Review.
  9. Michael Sabom, Light and Death: One Doctor's Fascinating Account of Near-Death Experiences (Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1998); Sam Parnia, Erasing Death: The Science That Is Rewriting the Boundaries Between Life and Death (New York: HarperOne, 2013). For the AWARE (AWAreness during REsuscitation) prospective study, see Sam Parnia et al., "AWARE — AWAreness during REsuscitation — A Prospective Study," Resuscitation 85, no. 12 (December 2014): 1799–1805.
  10. Chauncey W. Crandall IV, Raising the Dead: A Doctor Encounters the Miraculous (New York: FaithWords, 2010). Crandall is an interventional cardiologist at the Palm Beach Cardiovascular Clinic and has presented the case in Christian medical contexts. The case involves a named patient (Jeff Markin), a documented time of death, and a recorded clinical response. It has not been independently adjudicated by a multi-physician review board.
The Christian Case · rajkumarrichard.blogspot.com

Thursday, October 31, 2019

Evidence For Life After Death


            The problem of evil poses a gruesome reality of injustice in our world. Is it not injustice when one man is born into utter poverty (albeit undeservedly) and dies in it whereas another is born with a silver spoon (albeit undeservedly) to enjoy every luxurious privilege of this life?

            Some people have it easier than others. Others do not come out of their pain and misery, despite persistent prayers and efforts to be delivered from the clutches of pain and injustice.

            So some people never receive justice in this world.

            How is this existential reality a tenable proposition to all those who do not receive justice in this time and age?

            Unless justice is offered to every soul that suffers the consequences of injustice in this world, this world and the God who created this world cannot be good.

            But God is good. God ought to be good. That is the very definition of God.

            A good God would render justice (in any form and to every soul) that has been treated unjustly in this world.

            Life after death – a perfect life, devoid of pain, misery and any form of injustice – is a perfect solution and an appropriate corollary of injustice.

            But how can we be certain of life after death?

            Christian philosopher J.P Moreland thus enlightens us of the evidence pertaining to life after death:1 (Emphasis Mine)

The case for life after death consists in empirical (observable) and nonempirical (theoretical) arguments. The empirical arguments are two: near-death experiences (NDEs) and the resurrection of Jesus. A sufficient body of evidence exists for the view that people have died, left their bodies, had various experiences, and returned to their bodies. Attempts to explain NDEs as natural phenomena fail in those cases where the disembodied person gained knowledge about things miles away (e.g., conversations of family members). One must be cautious about theological interpretations of NDEs, but their reality is well established. Some argue that, even if true, NDEs provide evidence only for temporary existence beyond death. Strictly speaking, this is correct. However, if biological death does not bring the cessation of consciousness, it is hard to see what could do so after death.
Jesus' resurrection is defended in other articles in this Bible. Suffice it to say here that if Jesus rose from the dead, this qualifies Him to speak about life after death because His resurrection provides evidence that He was the Son of God and means that He returned from the afterlife and told us about it.
The nonempirical arguments divide into theistic-dependent and theistic-independent ones. The former assume the existence of God and from that fact argue for immortality. If God is who He says He is, the case is proven beyond reasonable doubt. Three such theistic-dependent arguments are especially important.
The first is two-pronged and argues from the image and love of God. Given that humans have tremendous value as image bearers and God is a preserver of tremendously high value, then God is a preserver of persons. Moreover, given that God loves His image bearers and has a project of bringing them to full maturity and fellowship with Him, God will sustain humans to continue this love affair and His important project on their behalf.
The second argument, based on divine justice, asserts that in this life goods and evils are not evenly distributed. A just God must balance the scales in another life, and an afterlife is thus required.
Finally, there is the argument from biblical revelation. It can be established that the Bible is the truthful Word of God, and it affirms life after death. For this to be an argument, rational considerations must be marshaled on behalf of the Bible's divine status.
Two nontheistic dependent arguments exist for immortality. The first is a three part argument from desire: (1) The desire for life after death is a natural desire. (2) Every natural desire corresponds to some real state of affairs that can fulfill it. (3) Therefore, the desire for life after death corresponds to some real state of affairs-namely life after death-that fulfills it.
Critics claim that the desire for immortality is nothing but an expression of ethical egoism. People do not universally desire it, and even when they do, it is a learned, not a natural, desire. Further, even if it is a natural desire, sometimes such desires are frustrated. Thus the desire argument is not necessarily a strong argument, but nonetheless it does have some merit.
The second argument claims that consciousness and the self are immaterial, not physical, and this supports belief in life after death in two ways: (1) It makes disembodied existence and personal identity in the afterlife intelligible. (2) It provides evidence for the existence of God. This, in turn, provides grounds for reintroducing the theistic-dependent arguments for life after death.
The argument for consciousness being nonphysical involves the claim that once one gets an accurate description of consciousness-sensations, emotions, thoughts, beliefs - it becomes clear that it is not physical. Conscious states are characterized by their inner, private, qualitative feel made known by introspection. Since physical states lack these features, consciousness is not physical.
The case for an immaterial self is rooted in the claim that in first-person introspection we are aware of our own egos as immaterial centers of consciousness. This awareness grounds intuitions that when one has an arm cut off, has a portion of one's brain removed, or gains or loses memories and personality traits, one does not become a partial person or a different person altogether.
While these two arguments provide some grounds for belief in an afterlife, they are far from conclusive. At the end of the day, the justification of belief in life after death is largely theistic dependent.
Extracted from the Apologetics Study Bible.

            J. Warner Wallace of Cold Case Christianity in his article entitled Are There Any Good Reasons to Believe in Heaven (Even Without the Evidence from Scripture)? offers another perspective to the certainty of life after death:2

There Are Good Reasons to Believe God Exists
While this may seem controversial to those who dismiss the existence of God out of hand, there are several lines of evidence supporting this reasonable conclusion. The reality of objective moral truths, the appearance of design in biology, the existence of a universe that has a beginning and the presence of transcendent laws of logic are best explained by the existence of God.
There Are Good Reasons to Believe God Is Good (In Spite of the Problem of Evil)
Skeptics sometimes point to the problem of evil (in one form or another) to argue against the existence of God (or His good, all-loving nature). But when examined closely, the presence of moral evil, natural evil, Christian evil, “theistic” evil, or pain and suffering fail to negate the existence of God, even as they fail to blemish His righteousness.
There Are Good Reasons to Believe Humans Have Souls
In addition to this, there are many good reasons to believe humans are more than simply physical bodies. The arguments from private knowledge, first-person experiences, part-independency, physical measurements, self-existence and free-will make a powerful, cumulative circumstantial case for the existence of our souls.
There are Good Reasons to Believe Souls Are Not Limited to Physical Existence
While our physical bodies are obviously limited to their physical existence and cease to function at the point of material death, there is no reason to believe the immaterial soul is similarly impacted. If we are truly “soulish” creatures, our immaterial existence can reasonably be expected to transcend our physical limitations.
There are Good Reasons to Believe a Good God Would Not Make Justice, Satisfaction and Joy Elusive
All of us, as humans, yearn for justice, satisfaction and joy. These are good goals and ambitions. A good God (if He exists) would make these expectations attainable for His beloved children.
There are Good Reasons to Believe Complete Justice, Satisfaction and Joy Are Elusive in Our Temporal, Material Lives
Our daily experience demonstrates a simple reality, however: justice is not always served here on Earth (bad people often get away with their crimes), and while we continually pursue satisfaction and joy, we find they are fleeting and elusive.
There are Good Reasons to Believe a Good God Would Provide Complete Justice, Satisfaction and Joy in the Eternal Life He Offers Beyond the Grave
If these worthy desires for justice, satisfaction and joy are unattainable in our material existence, where could they ultimately be experienced? If God has designed us as dualistic, “soulish” creatures, these innate desires could eventually be realized in our eternal lives beyond the grave. If a good God exists (and there are many sufficient reasons to believe this is the case), the expectation of an afterlife is reasonable. Heaven is the place where God will accomplish everything we would expect from Him and everything we (as living souls) desire.

           So be calm; there is life after death! Believe in the Lord Jesus and you will be saved.


Endnotes:

1http://kelvinho-kh.blogspot.com/2012/01/more-evidence-for-life-after-death-by.html

2https://coldcasechristianity.com/writings/are-there-any-good-reasons-to-believe-in-heaven-even-without-the-evidence-from-scripture/

Websites last accessed on 31st October 2019.

Tuesday, October 11, 2016

What Happens When We Die?

            Do dead people go to heaven or hell immediately after their death? What do the dead people do? Do they reunite with their loved ones upon death? Do the dead know what the living are doing? These questions are of practical importance. 

            The doctrine of intermediate state seeks to understand the state or condition of the individual between their death and resurrection. The Bible offers us essential information but does not go into detail upon the intermediate state; probably because it is non-salvific in nature (this doctrine is not essential to one’s salvation). Hence the examination of intermediate state becomes all the more difficult and controversial in certain situations.

            The Christian belief in “afterlife” is indeed a sound proposition that has been validated by science as well (for more information into this theme, click here). (Christian beliefs are not essentially required to be validated by science, for science cannot validate the metaphysical aspects of life. But if science validates certain biblical notions then we will mention them.)

What Is Death?

            Soul is the principle of life that animates the body. Hence, the body is considered dead when the soul departs from the body.

Doctrines To Reject

            Certain denominations (Jehovah’s Witnesses, Seventh Day Adventists etc.) believe that our soul goes to sleep or becomes unconscious after our death. But the Bible describes soul’s consciousness in the case of rich man and Lazarus (Luke 16: 19-31). Moreover, the Lord Jesus told the prisoner on the cross, “And He said to him, “Truly I say to you, today you shall be with Me in Paradise.”” (Luke 23: 43, NASB, Emphasis Mine). So the view of soul sleep is flawed.

            Roman Catholics claim that the soul becomes aware of God’s judgment upon death and passes on to heaven, hell or purgatory. Very minimally, purgatory is assumed to be the state of temporary punishment of those who are in a state of grace, but not yet spiritually perfect (not fully free from sins). When the soul arrives at a state of perfection because of “Mass, prayers and good works,” the soul is believed to be released from purgatory and passes into heaven.

            The concept of purgatory implies salvation by works. This contradicts the clear teachings of salvation by grace alone (Galatians 3: 1-4, Ephesians 2: 8-9). Hence we cannot accept the doctrine of purgatory.

            Some believe that unbelievers would be annihilated or destroyed after the final judgment. The annihilationists argue that while unbelievers cannot enjoy the everlasting bliss with the righteous, they do not deserve the eternal torment in hell. This doctrine is flawed because the Bible teaches eternality for the unbelievers, “…when the Lord Jesus is revealed from heaven in blazing fire with his powerful angels. He will punish those who do not know God and do not obey the gospel of our Lord Jesus. They will be punished with everlasting destruction and shut out from the presence of the Lord and from the glory of his might (2 Thessalonians 1: 7-9). 

            Some believe that the dead are resurrected with the resurrection body instantaneously after death (Extreme Preterism). This view is based on a loose interpretation of 2 Corinthians 5. There are number of passages in the Scripture that teaches the concept of future resurrection of the dead that is accompanied by the Lord’s second coming (Philippians 3: 20-21, 1 Thessalonians 4: 13-17). Second coming of our Lord is the occasion for our glorification (1 Corinthians 4:5, 2 Timothy 4:8). The Lord Jesus also referred to a future time when the dead - both the believers and the unbelievers - will be raised (John 5: 25-29). Based on these passages we can reject the notion that the dead receive their resurrection bodies immediately after death.

Further Scriptural Considerations

            1. The New Testament distinguishes between Gehenna and Hades. Hades receives the unrighteous for the period between death and resurrection. Gehenna is the place of eternal torment (Mark 9: 43-48) where both the body and soul are united after the dead receive their resurrection body at the resurrection. 

            2. The righteous dead do not descend to the Hades (Matthew 16: 18-19, Acts 2: 31).

            3. The souls of the righteous dead are received into paradise (Luke 16: 19-31; 23: 43).

            4. The Bible equates being absent from the body with being present with the Lord (2 Corinthians 5: 1-10, Philippians 1: 19-26).

What Happens When We Die?

            1. Upon death, believers of Christ go immediately into a place and condition of blessedness; the unbelievers go into a place of misery, torment and punishment. The souls would remain in existence, but in a disembodied state.

            2. Human beings can exist in either a bodily existence or immaterialized condition.w The immaterialized condition is one in which the soul or the spirit exists independent of a body (disembodied existence).

            The Bible teaches that soul could exist in a disembodied state. For instance, consider the verse Matthew 22: 31-32, “But regarding the resurrection of the dead, have you not read what was spoken to you by God: “‘I am the God of Abraham, and the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob’? He is not the God of the dead but of the living.” (Emphasis Mine). Abraham, Isaac and Jacob are dead but haven’t yet resurrected to their glorified bodies. Nevertheless Christ termed them as living, which implies that their soul is living without their body.

            3. During the Lord’s second coming (when Christ returns for the second time) the believers will be raised from dead, they will receive their glorified bodies, and then to ascend to be with Christ (1 Corinthians 15: 21-26, 1 Thessalonians 4: 13-17).

            4. The believer’s resurrected body will be like Christ’s resurrected body (cf. Philippians 3:21). Our resurrected body will be…

            …a physical body with flesh and bones (John 20: 27, Luke 24: 39-40).

            …capable of eating food (Luke 24: 42), not for nourishment but for pleasure and celebration (cf. Matthew 26: 29).

            …a tangible body, “And behold, Jesus met them and greeted them. And they came up and took hold of His feet and worshiped Him.” (Emphasis Mine).

            …an immortal body (1 Corinthians 15: 53)

            …a glorious body (Philippians 3: 21).

            …a supernatural body that can move through space (Acts 1: 10-11) and can move through material things (cf. John 20:19).

            5. Like the believer, the unbeliever will also be resurrected. The resurrected body will be a never-dying physical body.

            For questions of practical significance such as “What do the dead people do? Do they reunite with their loved ones upon death? Do the dead know what we are doing?” please click here 
            
Endnotes:

wHuman beings can exist in an immaterialized condition or disembodied state.

Dr. Gary Habermas says, “...After death, the spirit lives separately from the body, until it is given a new, resurrected body.
No, the brain does not die with the body. What is the evidence for these things? One of my primary responses comes from my 30 year study of near-death cases. I have found almost 100 cases that are accompanied by evidence--some so impressive that it has been written up in secular medical journals. For example, some cases involve people reporting verifiable things that happened a distance away, but after they were pronounced dead and lying where they couldn't see these things physically. Others have correctly described a variety of things even while they had no heart beat, no brain waves, etc. This tells me that people seem to live even while their bodies are "dead" and that sometimes they are capable of observing things even while their bodies are incapacitated."

Source: http://www.garyhabermas.com/qa/qa_index.htm#nea

Monday, October 13, 2014

Science Confirms Life After Death; Should Christians / Theists Rejoice?


               A few days ago, on 7th October 2014, “The Telegraph” reported an intriguing study in afterlife (life after death), “… scientists at the University of Southampton have spent four years examining more than 2,000 people who suffered cardiac arrests at 15 hospitals in the UK, US and Austria. And they found that nearly 40 per cent of people who survived described some kind of ‘awareness’ during the time when they were clinically dead before their hearts were restarted. One man even recalled leaving his body entirely and watching his resuscitation from the corner of the room. Despite being unconscious and ‘dead’ for three minutes, the 57-year-old social worker from Southampton, recounted the actions of the nursing staff in detail and described the sound of the machines...”1 Apparently experts agree that this study concurs with the emerging thoughts in resuscitation medicine about death and its reversal.

            Also recently, a team of psychologists and medical doctors associated with the Technische Universität of Berlin claimed that they have proven existence of life after death. 2 Therefore, studies into afterlife are not a recent phenomenon; much has been discussed and debated.

            There is widespread unbelief in God and afterlife among a vast majority of scientists.  Astrophysicist Dr. Hugh Ross offers an intriguing insight into the reason behind scientists’ unbelief in afterlife. 3  

            He reckons that 45% of scientists believe in God and afterlife, and offers a distinction between scientists belonging to life sciences and physical sciences. While the percentage of unbelief in God and afterlife is a miserable 5-10% among life-scientists, a vast majority of physical scientists believe in God and afterlife.

            There exists a huge disparity in the numbers of life scientists (3 million) and physical scientists (e.g. 12, 000 research astronomers). A vast majority of 12,000 research astronomers (physical scientists) in this world, who believe in God and afterlife, pale in comparison to the vast majority of the 3 million research biologists (life scientists), who do not believe in God and afterlife.

            Dr. Hugh Ross also provides a fascinating reasoning to the unbelief of the life scientists. The life scientists study the day-seven of creation (the day God rested from creation, which extends to the present day) whereas the physical scientists study the first six days of creation (the data of the past).

            This is an excerpt of his reasoning, ““On the seventh day he rested from all his work.” (Gen 2:2, NIV). God’s rest on the seventh day carries great theological significance (e.g. establishing the Sabbath), but it also helps clarify the nature of the creation days. The author of Genesis closes each of the first six days with an "evening and morning" but not the seventh day. Passages such as Psalm 95 and Hebrews 4 declare that we all have an opportunity to enter God’s rest, implying that the seventh day extends to the present time. Long creation days integrate well with evidence from creation. During the first six days of creation, as Psalm 104 explains, God created animals, caused them to go extinct and then created new animals. On the seventh day God ceased His creation of new animals, and today, the day of rest, we see evidence only of variation and extinction.”4

            Why do I mention the fact of unbelief of the vast majority of scientists in afterlife? It’s because one can expect a series of rebuttals (sense or nonsense notwithstanding) to the recent affirmation of afterlife by science. 

            So the question we ask is if we, as Christians or theists, should rejoice when science affirms the biblical truth of afterlife (heaven and hell).

            Christians have often appealed to modern science to corroborate biblical truth, and in our context - the afterlife. Dinesh D’Souza, the author of Life After Death: The Evidence, posits the evidence of afterlife through String Theory.5 He says, “…revolutionary discoveries in the past 25 years suggest that there is dark matter and dark energy that make up 95 percent of all the matter in the universe. All materialist generalizations about matter are immediately rendered partial, because how can you claim to know something if you've seen only 5 percent of it?

            Scientists now posit through string theory the presence of multiple realms, multiple dimensions. One of the implications of the big bang is that space and time had a beginning, and that space and time are properties of our universe. If that's true, then outside our universe or beyond our universe, there would be different laws of space and time, or no space and no time.

            The idea that our universe may not be the only one and that there may be other universes operating according to different laws is now coming into the mainstream of modern physics. So the Christian concept of eternity, which is God outside of space and time, is rendered completely intelligible. It opens up possibilities that would have seemed far-fetched even for science fiction a century ago.”

            Most surely there is no problem whatsoever in appealing to science to corroborate biblical truths. Although we respect and appreciate science for all its developments, science does not and cannot arbitrate theological truths for the simple fact that science is not omniscient.6

            Let alone theology, science does not even offer an adequate explanation to the everyday aspects of life. Do we eat butter or not? 7 Science is yet to offer a decisive conclusion. We do not reliably know what actually happened to the 227 passengers and 12 crew members aboard Malaysian airlines MH370 that virtually disappeared into thin air. All that science offered us was a speculation based on a possible satellite communication that the flight ended in the southern Indian Ocean.

            Alongside science, yet another element cannot arbitrate theological truths. When we consider contemporary Christianity, we necessarily have to include the gross heresies of Christian cults, liberals and postmoderns. Some heresies of these so-called progressive thinkers, who in actuality redefine biblical truths maliciously to suit their personal preferences, preclude the possibility of heaven and hell. Hence, when we consider contemporary Christianity, these heretics exclude themselves from the historic Christian comprehension of afterlife that most definitely includes literal, physical and eternal realms of heaven and hell.

            The historic Christian doctrine of afterlife is aptly summarized by Dr. William Lane Craig, “When a person dies, his body lies in the grave until the return of Christ. The souls of those who belong to Christ are drawn into a closer, more intimate fellowship with Him in this disembodied state. We really don’t know what this disembodied existence is like. It’s possible that souls in this disembodied condition project mental images of each other and themselves as bodily, so that they can relate to one another. The souls of unbelievers, by contrast, enter into a state of conscious torment and separation from God which is called Hades. When Christ returns, He will bring with Him the souls of the departed believers, and their remains will then be raised from the dead and transformed into glorious, powerful, resurrection bodies, and their souls will be reunited with their bodies. After appearing before the judgment seat of Christ for rewards, they will then be ushered into the new heavens and the new earth. Unbelievers will also be raised from the dead and reunited with their bodies, and then after being judged by God, they will be cast into hell.” 8

            Simple aided reasoning reasonably establishes the existence of afterlife:

            1. God should be and is an uncaused maximally great being.

            2. So God should live transcendentally outside space-time coordinates and immanently [within us]. In other words, God is an eternal being.

            3. Because God is a maximally great eternal being, by sheer entailment, HE should create human beings, know us before our birth, and sustain our existence.

            4. God then should not only sustain our existence in this temporal world, but should provide a means of a continued or an eternal existence post our temporal existence in this world. Provision of an eternal existence is the most logical sequence to a temporal existence, which perfectly completes the purpose of creation. (The doctrine of Annihilationism posits a horrendous blemish in divine creation.)

            5. Therefore afterlife - an eternal life with God in heaven or without God in hell - is indeed reasonable.  

            Christians subscribing to and assimilating the doctrinal comprehensions of Historic Christianity celebrate God’s revelation through HIS eternal Word – The Bible. Affirmation or denial of biblical truths by science and the liberal and postmodern cults, which maybe heartwarming or heartrending, should not play a definitive role in a Christian’s life.

            It does not matter if a vast majority of the scientists do not believe in afterlife. It really does not matter when cultic, liberal and postmodern Christians maliciously redefine the Bible to deny the presence of heaven or hell or even posit universalism. All that should matter to us is God’s revelation to us through the Bible, and God’s establishment of his revelation through the promptings of HIS precious Holy Spirit. 

            Having said this, a Christian lives by faith while [divinely] aided-reason and science merely complements his faith. The Bible univocally calls for faith in a Christian, “For I am not ashamed of the gospel, for it is the power of God for salvation to everyone who believes, to the Jew first and also to the Greek. For in it the righteousness of God is revealed from faith to faith; as it is written, “But the righteous man shall live by faith” (Romans 1: 16-17, NASB, Emphasis Mine).

            Let nothing come between God and us – neither science nor anything. While we praise God for science and scientists, we do not allow science to dictate our faith in God. There is life after death. Amen.



Endnotes:

1 http://www.telegraph.co.uk/science/science-news/11144442/First-hint-of-life-after-death-in-biggest-ever-scientific-study.html & http://www.resuscitationjournal.com/article/S0300-9572%2814%2900739-4/fulltext

2http://worldnewsdailyreport.com/german-scientists-prove-there-is-life-after-death/

3 http://www.reasons.org/videos/navgen-bonus-7

4 http://www.reasons.org/rtb-101/creationdayseven & http://www.reasons.org/articles/the-continuation-of-creation-day-seven

5 http://www.christianitytoday.com/ct/2009/december/19.38.html

6 http://www.christianapologeticsalliance.com/2013/10/20/can-science-answer-all-questions/

7 http://time.com/2863227/ending-the-war-on-fat/


8 http://www.reasonablefaith.org/transcript/what-happens-when-we-die#ixzz3FtU1ruFK